(The scientific information in this article was found on the NOAA website)

The Florida Trail is located in the Sunshine State, and as such the sun and the UV rays it provides are a major concern.  Proper clothing, eye protection and sunscreen go a long way to mitigating the potentially negative effects of UV rays.  Which begs the question…why?

What are UV Rays?

Ultra-violet radiation or UV is a section of the Sun’s numerous wavelengths that affect the earth and those that reside upon it.  UV rays can be broken up into three different parts: UV-C, UV-B, and UV-A.   

UV-C is highly dangerous to plants and animals, but it absorbed entirely by the stratospheric ozone layer.   

Much of UV-B is also absorbed by the ozone layer, but some of it does get through.  The short term effects of UV-B on humans are a reddening of the skin and the loss of vitamin D synthesis in the human body.  The long term effects include skin cancer, cataracts, and a suppression of the immune system. 

UV-A rays penetrate the ozone layer almost entirely.  UV-A is a necessary component in human beings for the synthesis of vitamin D.  Like anything else, too much is a bad thing, and too much UV-A can cause toughening of the skin, suppression of the immune system, reddening of the skin, and even cataracts. 

UV rays can penetrate cloud cover.  Don’t think that just because it’s not sunny, you don’t need protection. 

How do UV protective Sunglasses work?

Before learning how UV protective sunglasses do what they do, it is important to point out that sunglasses that are not UV rated will do MORE harm than not wearing sunglasses.  When wearing sunglasses the iris opens further since there is less bright light striking the eye.  If the sunglasses don’t protect against UV rays, then they actually let in more of the harmful rays to the retina. 

UV coatings on lenses are designed to absorb UV rays.  Before you buy new sunglasses, check that they offer UV protection (preferably UV-A and UV-B).  If you already have glasses, you can have the UV protection level checked at the eye doctor or optical shop to see how much UV they can absorb. 

How does Sunscreen work?

Sunscreen uses organic and inorganic ingredients to protect your skin from UV rays.  The inorganic ingredients, such as zinc oxide, reflect the UV rays off of your body, while the organic ingredients, such as oxybenzone absorb the UV rays.  SPF (Sun Protection Factor) measures how effectively the sunscreen limits skin exposure, however, it only takes into account UV-B.  It is recommended that a broad spectrum sunscreen be used to ensure protection from UV-A. 

Looking Ahead

Given the amount of time the average FTA volunteer likes to spend outside it is a good idea to use the best protection available.  Take care of your skin and eyes, especially in the Sunshine State!